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Staff Profile

Professor Ruth Plummer

Clin Prof of Experimental Cancer Med

  • Telephone: +44 (0) 191 2138476
  • Address: Translational and Clinical Research Institute
    Â鶹´«Ã½ Centre for Cancer
    Faculty of Medical Sciences
    Â鶹´«Ã½
    NE2 4HH
Background

Ruth Plummer is Professor of Experimental Cancer Medicine, Â鶹´«Ã½ and an honorary consultant medical oncologist in Â鶹´«Ã½ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. She is Director of the Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre within the Northern Centre for Cancer Care, which is a dedicated clinical trials unit based within the regional cancer centre. She leads the Â鶹´«Ã½ Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and also the CRUK Â鶹´«Ã½ Cancer Centre. She trained at Cambridge and Oxford Universities obtaining both a medical degree and scientific PhD before moving back home to Â鶹´«Ã½ and settling with her family in Northumberland.

Her clinical practice involves leading on the systemic therapies for skin cancer, with a portfolio of trials across all phases of drug development. In addition she runs a phase I all-comers practice, taking responsibility for one of the most active phase I unit’s in the UK.

Her research interests are in the field of DNA repair and early phase clinical trials of novel agents, taking the first in class PARP inhibitor into the clinic in 2003, ATR inhibitor in 2012 and MCT1 inhibitor in 2014.

This research is either based in the Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre or in the Â鶹´«Ã½ Centre for Cancer of which she is a deputy director. Nationally she chairs the MRC Ex[erimenatal Medicine Panel, and sits as a member of Cancer Research UK’s Clinical Research Committee and Research Careers Committee. She is a also member of the MRC Precision Medicine Group and the NIHR EME Committee.

She was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2018 for her work developing PARP inhibitors as novel cancer treatments and in 2021 she was awarded the ESMO-TAT Lifetine Acheivement award for her work is early phase trials. In 2022 she was awarded an MBE in the Queen's Jubilee honours for services to medicine



 


 

Roles and Responsibilities

  • Honorary Consultant at Â鶹´«Ã½ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  

SCOPUS:

Publications

  • Articles

    • Yap TA, Tan DSP, Stathis A, Shapiro GI, Iwasa S, Joerger M, Zhang J, Plummer R, Sawyer MB, Tan DSW, Castonguay V, Gabrail NY, Matsubara N, Wilkinson G, Ludwig M, Schlicker A, Zhou Y, Merz C, Dabritz JHM, Jeffers M, Hreiki J, de Bono JS. . Cancer Discovery 2025, 15(10), 2019-2035.
    • Rohrberg KS, Lopez JS, Milhem MM, Blank CU, Reijers I, Thistlethwaite F, Plummer R, Piha-Paul SA, Janne PA, Shum E, Shaw HM, Debruyne PR, Lao C, Baurain J-F, Choe JH, Gort E, Zhao Y, Jerusalem G, Schoffski P, Chen AW, Cohen EA, Mankowski WC, Roshkovan L, Katz SI, Kontos D, Brady LK, Qutaish M, Castro PG, Pencheva N, Bajaj G, Fu Y, Windfeld K, Reiter P, Jure-Kunkel M, Higgs BW, Amiri KI, Ahmadi T, Forssmann U, Ramalingam SS, Vergote I. . Cancer Research Communications 2025, 5(11), 2066-2078.
    • Andrew TW, Combalia M, Hernandez C, Grant S, Paragh G, Puig S, Mc Arthur G, Richardson G, Sloan P, Shalhout SZ, Plummer R, Lovat PE. . Nature Communications 2025, 16(1), 10095.
    • Andrew TW, Erdmann S, Alrawi M, Plummer R, Shalhout SZ, Sondak V, Brownell I, Lovat PE, Rose A. . Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2025, 92(3), 520-527.
    • Andrew TW, Alrawi M, Plummer R, Reynolds N, Sondak V, Brownell I, Lovat PE, Rose A, Shalout SZ. . npj Digital Medicine 2025, 8, 15.
    • Rae S, Shaya S, Taylor E, Hoben J, Oluwashegun D, Lowe H, Haris N, Bashir S, Oing C, Krebs MG, Thistlethwaite FC, Carter L, Cook N, Greystoke A, Graham DM, Plummer R. . British Journal of Cancer 2024, 131, 685-691.
    • Drew Y, Kim J-W, Penson RT, O'Malley DM, Parkinson C, Roxburgh P, Plummer R, Im S-A, Imbimbo M, Ferguson M, Rosengarten O, Steeghs N, Kim MH, Gal-Yam E, Tsoref D, Kim J-H, You B, De Jonge M, Lalisang R, Gort E, Bastian S, Meyer K, Feeney L, Baker N, Ah-See M-L, Domchek SM, Banerjee S. . Clinical Cancer Research 2024, 30(1), 50-62.
    • Larkin J, Marais R, Porta N, Gonzalez de Castro D, Parsons L, Messiou C, Stamp G, Thompson L, Edmonds K, Sarker S, Banerji J, Lorigan P, Evans TRJ, Corrie P, Marshall E, Middleton MR, Nathan P, Nicholson S, Ottensmeier C, Plummer R, Bliss J, Valpione S, Turajlic S. . Cell Reports Medicine 2024, 5(3), 101435.
    • Gault A, Hogarth L, Williams KC, Greystoke A, Rajan N, Speight A, Lamb CA, Bridgewood A, Brown-Schofield LJ, Rayner F, Isaacs JD, Nsengimana J, Stewart CJ, Anderson AE, Plummer R, Pratt AG. . BMC Cancer 2024, 24(1), 733.
    • Coyle V, Forde C, Adams R, Agus A, Barnes R, Chau I, Clarke M, Doran A, Grayson M, McAuley D, McDowell C, Phair G, Plummer R, Storey D, Thomas A, Wilson R, McMullan R. . Health Technology Assessment 2024, 28(14), 1-101.
    • Messina C, Giunta EF, Signori A, Rebuzzi SE, Banna GL, Maniam A, Buti S, Cattrini C, Fornarini G, Bauckneht M, Greystoke A, Plummer R, Oing C, Rescigno P. . European Urology Oncology 2024, 7(2), 179-188.
    • Sacco JJ, Jackson R, Corrie P, Danson S, Evans TRJ, Ochsenreither S, Kumar S, Goodman A, Larkin J, Karydis I, Steven N, Lorigan P, Plummer R, Patel P, Psarelli E, Olsson-Brown A, Shaw H, Leyvraz S, Handley L, Rawcliffe C, Nathan P. . European Journal of Cancer 2024, 202, 114009.
    • Lim JX, Lai CY, Mallett GE, McDonald D, Hulme G, Laba S, Shapanis A, Payne M, Patterson W, Alexander M, Coxhead J, Filby A, Plummer R, Lovat PE, Sciume G, Healy E, Amarnath S. . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2023, 120(18), e2216587120.
    • Rae S, Plummer E, Fitzgerald L, Hogarth L, Bridgewood A, Brown-Schofield L, Graham J, Haigh S, McAnulty C, Drew Y, Haris N, Bashir S, Plummer R, Greystoke A. . Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 2023, 149, 16355–16363.
    • Rasco DW, Medina T, Corrie P, Pavlick AC, Middleton MR, Lorigan P, Hebert C, Plummer R, Larkin J, Agarwala SS, Daud AI, Qiu J, Bozon V, Kneissl M, Barry E, Olszanski AJ. . Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 2023, 92, 15-28.
    • Coyle V, Forde C, McAuley DF, Wilson RH, Clarke M, Plummer R, Grayson M, McDowell C, Agus A, Doran A, Thomas AL, Barnes RA, Adams R, Chau I, Storey D, McMullan R. . Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2023, 30(1), 92-99.
    • Bai X, Shaheen A, Grieco C, d'Arienzo PD, Mina F, Czapla JA, Lawless AR, Bongiovanni E, Santaniello U, Zappi H, Dulak D, Williamson A, Lee R, Gupta A, Li C, Si L, Ubaldi M, Yamazaki N, Ogata D, Johnson R, Park BC, Jung S, Madonna G, Hochherz J, Umeda Y, Nakamura Y, Gebhardt C, Festino L, Capone M, Ascierto PA, Johnson DB, Lo SN, Long GV, Menzies AM, Namikawa K, Mandala M, Guo J, Lorigan P, Najjar YG, Haydon A, Quaglino P, Boland GM, Sullivan RJ, Furness AJS, Plummer R, Flaherty KT. . eClinical Medicine 2023, 65, 102290.
    • Halford S, Veal GJ, Wedge SR, Payne GS, Bacon CM, Sloan P, Dragoni I, Heinzmann K, Potter S, Salisbury BM, Chenard-Poirier M, Greystoke A, Howell EC, Innes WA, Morris K, Plummer C, Rata M, Petrides G, Keun HC, Banerji U, Plummer R. . Clinical Cancer Research 2023, 29(8), 1429-1439.
    • Lopez J, Lai-Kwon J, Molife R, Welsh L, Tunariu N, Roda D, Fernandez-Garcia P, Lladó V, McNicholl A, Roselló C, Taylor R, Azaro A, Ahnert JR, Sludden J, Veal G, Plummer R, Urruticoechea A, Lahuerta A, Mujika K, Escriba P. . British Journal of Cancer 2023, 129, 811-818.
    • Menne T, Slade D, Savage J, Johnson S, Irving J, Kearns P, Plummer R, Shenton G, Veal GJ, Vormoor B, Vormoor J, Billingham L. . BMJ Open 2022, 12, e059872.
    • Coombes RC, Badman P, Lozano-Kuehne JP, Macpherson IRJ, Zubairi I, Baird RD, Garcia-Corbacho J, Cresti N, Plummer R, Armstrong AC, Allerton R, Landers D, McLellan L, Lim A, Mouliere F, Seckl M. . Nature Communications 2022, 13, 3246.
    • Telli ML, Tolaney SM, Shapiro GI, Middleton M, Lord SR, Arkenau HT, Tutt A, Abramson V, Dean E, Haddad TC, Wesolowski R, Ferrer-Playan J, Goddemeier T, Grombacher T, Dong J, Fleuranceau-Morel P, Diaz-Padilla I, Plummer R. . n p j Breast Cancer 2022, 8(1), 45.
    • Plummer R, Dean E, Arkenau H-T, Redfern C, Spira AI, Melear JM, Chung KY, Ferrer-Playan J, Goddemeier T, Locatelli G, Dong J, Fleuranceau-Morel P, Diaz-Padilla I, Shapiro GI. . Lung Cancer 2022, 163, 19-26.
    • Coen O, Corrie P, Marshall H, Plummer R, Ottensmeier C, Hook J, Bell S, Sagoo GS, Meads D, Bestall J, Velikova G, Gallagher FA, Smith A, Howard H, Mason E, Katona E, Silva S, Collinson M, Rodwell S, Danson S. . BMC Cancer 2021, 21, 761.
    • Middleton MR, Dean E, Evans TRJ, Shapiro GI, Pollard J, Hendriks BS, Falk M, Diaz-Padilla I, Plummer R. . British Journal of Cancer 2021, 125(4), 510-519.
    • Dummer R, Hauschild A, Santinami M, Atkinson V, Mandalà M, Kirkwood JM, Sileni VC, Larkin J, Nyakas M, Dutriaux C, Haydon A, Robert C, Mortier L, Schachter J, Lesimple T, Plummer R, Dasgupta K, Gasal E, Tan M, Long GV, Schadendorf D. . New England Journal of Medicine 2020, 383(12), 1139-1148.
    • Forde C, McMullan R, Clarke M, Wilson RH, Plummer R, Grayson M, McDowell C, Agus A, Doran A, McAuley DF, Thomas AL, Barnes RA, Adams R, Chau I, Coyle V. . Trials 2020, 21(1), 431.
    • McNeillis R, Greystoke A, Walton J, Bacon C, Keun H, Sitkos A, Petrides G, Leech G, Jenkinson F, Bowron A, Halford S, Plummer R. . British Journal of Cancer 2020, 122(1272), 1141-1145.
    • Schadendorf D, Hauschild A, Santinami M, Atkinson V, Mandala M, Chiarion-Sileni V, Larkin J, Nyakas M, Dutriaux C, Haydon A, Robert C, Mortier L, Lesimple T, Plummer R, Schachter J, Dasgupta K, Manson S, Koruth R, Mookerjee B, Kefford R, Dummer R, Kirkwood JM, Long GV. . The Lancet Oncology 2019, 20(5), 701-710.
    • Verykiou S, Alexander M, Edwards N, Plummer R, Chaudhry B, Lovat PE, Hill DS. . British Journal of Dermatology 2019, 180(2), 346-356.
    • Findlay SG, Gill JH, Plummer R, De-Santis C, Plummer C. . Journal of Geriatric Oncology 2019, 10(5), P685-689.
    • Chung HC, Arkenau H-T, Lee J, Rha SY, Oh D-Y, Wyrwicz L, Kang Y-K, Lee K-W, Infante JR, Lee SS, Kemeny M, Keilholz U, Melichar B, Mita A, Plummer R, Smith D, Gelb AB, Xiong H, Hong J, Chand V, Safran H. . Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2019, 7(1), 30.
    • Mak G, Soria J-C, Blagden SP, Plummer R, Fleming RA, Nebot N, Zhang J, Mazumdar J, Rogan D, Gazzah A, Rizzuto I, Greystoke A, Yan L, Tolson J, Auger KR, Arkenau H-T. . British Journal of Cancer 2019, 120, 975-981.
    • Twelves C, Anthoney A, Savulsky CI, Guo M, Reyderman L, Cresti N, Semiglazov V, Timcheva C, Zubairi I, Morrison R, Plummer R, Evans TRJ. . British Journal of Cancer 2019, 120, 579–586.
    • Danilenko M, Stamp E, Stocken DD, Husain A, Zangarini M, Cranston A, Stones R, Sinclair N, Hodgson K, Bowett SA, Roblin D, Traversa S, Plummer R, Veal G, Langtry JAA, Ashworth A, Burn J, Rajan N. . JAMA Dermatology 2018, 154(8), 913-921.
    • Fordham SE, Blair HJ, Elstob CJ, Plummer R, Drew Y, Curtin NJ, Heidenreich O, Pal D, Jamieson D, Park C, Pollard J, Fields S, Milne P, Jackson GH, Marr HJ, Menne T, Jones GJ, Allan JM. . Blood Advances 2018, 2(10), 1157-1169.
    • Cranston A, Stocken DD, Stamp E, Roblin D, Hamlin J, Langtry J, Plummer R, Ashworth A, Burn J, Rajan N. . Trials 2017, 18, 111.
    • Greystoke A, Steele N, Arkenau H-T, Blackhall F, Md Haris N, Lindsay CR, Califano R, Voskoboynik M, Summers Y, So K, Ghiorghiu D, Dymond AW, Hossack S, Plummer R, Dean E. . British Journal of Cancer 2017, 117(7), 938-946.
    • Long GV, Hauschild A, Santinami M, Atkinson V, Mandal M, Chiarion-Sileni V, Larkin J, Nyakas M, Dutriaux C, Haydon A, Robert C, Mortier L, Schachter J, Schadendorf D, Lesimple T, Plummer R, Ji R, Zhang P, Mookerjee B, Legos J, Kefford R, Dummer R, Kirkwood JM. . New England Journal of Medicine 2017, 377(19), 1813-1823.
    • Escudier B, Faivre S, Van Cutsem E, Germann N, Pouget J-C, Plummer R, Vergote I, Thistlethwaite F, Bjarnason GA, Jones R, Mackay H, Edeline J, Fartoux L, Hirte H, Oza A. . Targeted Oncology 2017, 12(5), 655-661.
    • McConnell AT, Ellis R, Pathy B, Plummer R, Lovat PE, O'Boyle G. . British Journal of Dermatology 2016, 175(6), 1210-1220.
    • Dummer R, Guminski A, Gutzmer R, Dirix L, Lewis KD, Combemale P, Herd RM, Kaatz M, Loquai C, Stratigos AJ, Schulze HJ, Plummer R, Gogov S, Pallaud C, Yi TT, Mone M, Chang ALS, Cornelis F, Kudchadkar R, Trefzer U, Lear JT, Sellami D, Migden MR. . Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2016, 75(1), 113-125.e5.
    • Drew Y, Ledermann J, Hall G, Rea D, Glasspool R, Highley M, Jayson G, Sludden J, Murray J, Jamieson D, Halford S, Acton G, Backholer Z, Mangano R, Boddy A, Curtin N, Plummer R. . British Journal of Cancer 2016, 114(7), 723-730.
    • Massey AJ, Stephens P, Rawlinson R, McGurk L, Plummer R, Curtin NJ. . Molecular Oncology 2016, 10(1), 101-112.
    • Ogle LF, Orr JG, Willoughby CE, Hutton C, McPherson S, Plummer R, Boddy AV, Curtin NC, Jamieson D, Reeves HL. . Journal of Hepatology 2016, 65(2), 305-313.
    • Dent BM, Ogle LF, O'Donnell RL, Hayes N, Mallick U, Curtin NJ, Boddy AV, Plummer ER, Edmondson RJ, Reeves HL, May FEB, Jamieson D. . International Journal of Cancer 2016, 138(1), 206-216.
    • Sharma RA, Plummer R, Stock JK, Greenhalgh TA, Ataman O, Kelly S, Clay R, Adams RA, Baird RD, Billingham L, Brown SR, Buckland S, Bulbeck H, Chalmers AJ, Clack G, Cranston AN, Damstrup L, Ferraldeschi R, Forster MD, Golec J, Hagan RM, Hall E, Hanauske AR, Harrington KJ, Haswell T, Hawkins MA, Illidge T, Jones H, Kennedy AS, McDonald F, Melcher T, O'Connor JPB, Pollard JR, Saunders MP, Sebag-Montefiore D, Smitt M, Staffurth J, Stratford IJ, Wedge SR, NCRI CTRad Acad-Pharma Joint Worki. . Nature Reviews. Clinical Oncology 2016, 13(10), 627-642.
    • Krug LM, Kindler HL, Calvert H, Manegold C, Tsao AS, Fennell D, Ohman R, Plummer R, Eberhardt WEE, Fukuoka K, Gaafar RM, Lafitte JJ, Hillerdal G, Chu Q, Buikhuisen WA, Lubiniecki GM, Sun X, Smith M, Baas P. . Lancet Oncology 2015, 16(4), 447-456.
    • Migden MR, Guminski A, Gutzmer R, Dirix L, Lewis KD, Combemale P, Herd RM, Kudchadkar R, Trefzer U, Gogov S, Pallaud C, Yi T, Mone M, Kaatz M, Loquai C, Stratigos AJ, Schulze HJ, Plummer R, Chang AL, Cornélis F, Lear JT, Sellami D, Dummer R. . Lancet Oncology 2015, 16, 716-728.
    • Middleton MR, Friedlander P, Hamid O, Daud A, Plummer R, Falotico N, Chyla B, Jiang F, McKeegan E, Mostafa NM, Zhu M, Qian J, Mckee M, Luo Y, Giranda VL, McArthur GA. . Annals of Oncology 2015, 26(10), 2173-2179.
    • Ring A, Wheatley D, Hatcher H, Laing R, Plummer R, Uttenreuther-Fischer M, Temple G, Pelling K, Schnell D. . Clinical Cancer Research 2015, 21(12), 2737-2744.
    • Ramlau R, Thomas M, Novello S, Plummer R, Reck M, Kaneko T, Lau MR, Margetts J, Lunec J, Nutt J, Scagliotti GV. . Clinical Lung Cancer 2015, 16(5), 348-357.
    • Kendra KL, Plummer R, Salgia R, O'Brien MER, Paul EM, Suttle AB, Compton N, Xu CF, Ottesen LH, Villalona-Calero MA. . Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2015, 14(2), 461-469.
    • Murray J, Thomas H, Berry P, Kyle S, Patterson M, Jones C, Los G, Hostomsky Z, Plummer ER, Boddy AV, Curtin NJ. . British Journal of Cancer 2014, 110, 1977-1984.
    • Plummer R. . Clinical Oncology 2014, 26(5), 250-256.
    • Cassier PA, Polivka V, Judson I, Soria JC, Penel N, Marsoni S, Verweij J, Schellens JH, Morales-Barrera R, Schoffski P, Voest EE, Gomez-Roca C, Evans TRJ, Plummer R, Gallerani E, Kaye SB, Olmos D. . Annals of Oncology 2014, 25(6), 1222-1228.
    • Calvert H, Twelves C, Ranson M, Plummer R, Fettner S, Pantze M, Ling J, Hamilton M, Lum BL, Rakhit A. . Anti-Cancer Drugs 2014, 25(7), 832-840.
    • Garcia VM, Olmos D, Gomez-Roca C, Cassier PA, Morales-Barrera R, Del Conte G, Gallerani E, Brunetto AT, Schoffski P, Marsoni S, Schellens JHM, Penel N, Voest E, Evans J, Plummer R, Wilson RH, Soria JC, Tabernero J, Verweij J, Kaye SB. . Clinical Cancer Research 2014, 20(22), 5663-5671.
    • Gupta A, Love S, Schuh A, Shanyinde M, Larkin JM, Plummer R, Nathan PD, Danson S, Ottensmeier CH, Lorigan P, Collins L, Wise A, Asher R, Lisle R, Middleton MR. . Annals of Oncology 2014, 25(5), 968-974.
    • Plummer R, Lorigan P, Brown E, Zaucha R, Moiseyenko V, Demidov L, Soriano V, Chmielowska E, Andres R, Kudryavtseva G, Kahatt C, Szyldergemajn S, Extremera S, de Miguel B, Cullell-Young M, Calvert H. . British Journal of Cancer 2013, 109(6), 1451-1459.
    • Massard C, Margetts J, Amellal N, Drew Y, Bahleda R, Stevens P, Armand JP, Calvert H, Soria JC, Coronado C, Kahatt C, Alfaro V, Siguero M, Fernandez-Teruel C, Plummer R. . Investigational New Drugs 2013, 31(3), 623-630.
    • O'Boyle G, Swidenbank I, Marshall H, Barker CE, Armstrong J, White SA, Fricker SP, Plummer R, Wright M, Lovat PE. . British Journal of Cancer 2013, 108(8), 1634-1640.
    • Plummer R, Lorigan P, Steven N, Scott L, Middleton MR, Wilson RH, Mulligan E, Curtin N, Wang D, Dewji R, Abbattista A, Gallo J, Calvert H. . Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 2013, 71(5), 1191-1199.
    • Venugopal B, Baird R, Kristeleit RS, Plummer R, Cowan R, Stewart A, Fourneau N, Hellemans P, Elsayed Y, Mcclue S, Smit JW, Forslund A, Phelps C, Camm J, Evans TRJ, de Bono JS, Banerji U. . Clinical Cancer Research 2013, 19(15), 4262-4272.
    • Olmos D, A'Hern RP, Marsoni S, Morales R, Gomez-Roca C, Verweij J, Voest EE, Schoffski P, Ang JE, Penel N, Schellens JH, del Conte G, Brunetto AT, Evans TRJ, Wilson R, Gallerani E, Plummer R, Tabernero J, Soria JC, Kaye SB. . Journal of Clinical Oncology 2012, 30(9), 996-1004.
    • Danielli R, Ridolfi R, Chiarion-Sileni V, Queirolo P, Testori A, Plummer R, Boitano M, Calabro L, De Rossi C, Di Giacomo AM, Ferrucci PF, Ridolfi L, Altomonte M, Miracco C, Balestrazzi A, Maio M. . Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 2012, 61(1), 41-48.
    • Leach MO, Morgan B, Tofts PS, Buckley DL, Huang W, Horsfield MA, Chenevert TL, Collins DJ, Jackson A, Lomas D, Whitcher B, Clarke L, Plummer R, Judson I, Jones R, Alonzi R, Brunner T, Koh DM, Murphy P, Waterton JC, Parker G, Graves MJ, Scheenen TWJ, Redpath TW, Orton M, Karczmar G, Huisman H, Barentsz J, Padhani A, Expt Canc Med Ctr Imaging Network. . European Radiology 2012, 22(7), 1451-1464.
    • Cerbinskaite A, Mukhopadhyay A, Plummer ER, Curtin NJ, Edmondson RJ. . Cancer Treatment Reviews 2012, 38(2), 89-100.
    • Mukhopadhyay A, Plummer ER, Elattar A, Soohoo S, Uzir B, Quinn JE, McCluggage WG, Maxwell P, Aneke H, Curtin NJ, Edmondson RJ. . Cancer Research 2012, 72(22), 5675-5682.
    • Elattar A, Warburton KG, Mukhopadhyay A, Freer RM, Shaheen F, Cross PA, Plummer ER, Robson CN, Edmondson RJ. . Gynecologic Oncology 2012, 124(1), 142-147.
    • Drew Y, Mulligan EA, Vong W, Thomas HD, Kahn S, Kyle S, Mukhopadhyay A, Los G, Hostomsky Z, Plummer ER, Edmondson RJ, Curtin NJ. . Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2011, 103(4), 334-346.
    • Shaheen FS, Znojek P, Fisher A, Webster M, Plummer R, Gaughan L, Smith GCM, Leung HY, Curtin NJ, Robson CN. . PLoS One 2011, 6(5), e20311.
    • Hottiger MO, Boothby M, Koch-Nolte F, Luscher B, Martin NMB, Plummer R, Wang ZQ, Ziegler M. Progress in the Function and Regulation of ADP-Ribosylation. SCIENCE SIGNALING 2011, 4(174).
    • Zaremba T, Thomas HD, Cole M, Coulthard SA, Plummer ER, Curtin NJ. . Biochemical Journal 2011, 436(3), 671–679.
    • Salazar R, Plummer R, Oaknin A, Robinson A, Pardo B, Soto-Matos A, Yovine A, Szyldergemajn S, Calvert AH. . Investigational New Drugs 2011, 29(6), 1406-1413.
    • Harrington KJ, Billingham LJ, Brunner TB, Burnet NG, Chan CS, Hoskin P, Mackay RI, Maughan TS, Macdougall J, McKenna WG, Nutting CM, Oliver A, Plummer R, Stratford IJ, Illidge T, NCRI Clinical Translational Radiot. . British Journal of Cancer 2011, 105(5), 628-639.
    • Mahadevan D, Plummer R, Squires MS, Rensvold D, Kurtin S, Pretzinger C, Dragovich T, Adams J, Lock V, Smith DM, Von Hoff D, Calvert H. . Annals of Oncology 2011, 22(9), 2137-2143.
    • Plummer R, Wilson RH, Calvert H, Boddy AV, Griffin M, Sludden J, Tilby MJ, Eatock M, Pearson DG, Ottley CJ, Matsumura Y, Kataoka K, Nishiya T. . British Journal of Cancer 2011, 104(4), 593-598.
    • Yap TA, Vidal L, Adam J, Stephens P, Spicer J, Shaw H, Ang J, Temple G, Bell S, Shahidi M, Uttenreuther-Fischer M, Stopfer P, Futreal A, Calvert H, de Bono J, Plummer R. . Journal of Clinical Oncology 2010, 28(25), 3965-3972.
    • Azribi F, Razak ARA, Bough G, Lee D, Rowe D, Bown N, Dildey P, Clark S, Plummer R. . Journal of Clinical Oncology 2010, 28(4), e48-e50.
    • Plummer R, Woll P, Fyfe D, Boddy AV, Griffin M, Hewitt P, Carmichael J, Namouni F, Cohen M, Verrill M. . Clinical Cancer Research 2008, 14(24), 8288-8294.
    • Plummer ER, Middleton MR, Jones C, Olsen A, Hickson I, McHugh P, Margison GP, McGown G, Thorncroft M, Watson AJ, Boddy AV, Calvert AH, Harris AL, Newell DR, Curtin NJ. . Clinical Cancer Research 2005, 11(9), 3402-3409.
    • Boddy AV, Plummer ER, Todd R, Sludden J, Griffin MJ, Robson L, Cassidy J, Bissett D, Bernareggi A, Verrill MW, Calvert AH. . Clinical Cancer Research 2005, 11(21), 7834-7840.
    • Plummer ER, Rees C, Hughes AN, Beale P, Highley MS, Trigo J, Gokul S, Judson I, Calvert AH, Jackman A, Mitchell F, Smith R, Douglass E. . Clinical Cancer Research 2003, 9(4), 1313-1322.
    • Hughes AN, Calvert PM, Azzabi A, Plummer ER, Johnson R, Rusthoven J, Griffin MJ, Fishwick KA, Boddy AV, Verrill MW, Calvert AH. . Journal of Clinical Oncology 2002, 20(16), 3533-3544.
    • Plummer ER, Ghielmini M, Calvert PM, Voi M, Renard J, Gallant G, Gupta E, Calvert AH, Sessa C. . Clinical Cancer Research 2002, 8(9), 2788-2797.

  • Conference Proceedings (inc. Abstracts)

    • Plummer R, Halford S, Jones P, Wedge S, Hirschberg S, Veal G, Payne G, Chenard-Poirier M, Keun H, Banerji U. . In: International Congress on Targeted Anticancer Therapies (TAT) 2018. 2018, Paris: Elsevier BV.
    • Lear J, Guminski A, Gutzmer R, Migden M, Kudchadkar R, Lewis K, Dirix L, Plummer R, Stratigos A, Chang AL, Trefzer U, Loquai C, Kaatz M, Combemale P, Mone M, Castro H, Yi T, Sellami D, Dummer R. . In: 16th World Congress on Cancers of the Skin 2016. 2016, Vienna, Austria: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd.
    • Dean E, Steele N, Arkenau HT, Blackhall F, Haris NM, Lindsay C, Rafii S, Califano R, Plummer R, Voskoboynik M, Summers YJ, Ghiorghiu D, Dymond A, So K, Greystoke A. . In: 41st ESMO Congress (ESMO 2016). 2016, Copenhagen, Denmark: Oxford University Press.
    • Dummer R, Migden M, Guminski A, Gutzmer R, Kudchadkar R, Lewis K, Dirix L, Combemale P, Trefzer U, Loquai C, Kaatz M, Chang AL, Stratigos A, Plummer R, Mone M, Castro H, Yi T, Sellami D, Lear J. . In: 16th World Congress on Cancers of the Skin 2016. 2016, Vienna, Austria: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd.
    • Pearson RA, Thelwall PE, Snell J, McKenna J, Pieniazek P, Fitzgerald E, Heer R, McMenemin RM, Pedley ID, Azzabi A, Maxwell RJ, Newell DR, Plummer ER, Frew JA. . In: Genitourinary Cancers Symposium 2016. 2016, San Francisco, California: Journal of Clinical Oncology.
    • Pearson RA, Thelwall PE, Snell J, McKenna J, Pieniazek P, Fitzgerald EL, Heer R, McMenemin RM, Pedley ID, Azzabi AS, Newell H, Maxwell RJ, Plummer ER, Frew JA. . In: 2016 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium. 2016, San Francisco: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Brown S, Brass D, Rajan N, Oliphant T, Plummer R, Langtry J. . In: British Association of Dermatologists 96th Annual Meeting. 2016, Birmingham, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
    • Escriba PV, Busquets X, Llado V, Roda D, Jimenez B, Molife R, Plummer R, Rodon J, Azaro A, Sicart E, Klumper E. . In: 51st ASCO Annual Meeting. 2015, Chicago, Illinois: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Rasco DW, Middleton MR, Gonzalez R, Corrie P, Pavlick A, Lorigan P, Plummer R, Gore M, Herbert C, Agarwala SS, Logan TF, Khleif SN, Papadopoulos KP, Rangachari L, Suri A, Xu Q, Kneissl M, Bozon V, Olszanski AJ. . In: European Cancer Congress 2015. 2015, Vienna, Austria: Elsevier.
    • Verykiou S, Hill D, Plummer R, Lovat P. . In: British Society of Investigative Dermatology Annual Meeting 2015. 2015, Southampton, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
    • Patel PM, Ottensmeier C, Mulatero C, Lorigan P, Plummer R, Hannaman D, Cunnell M, Metheringham R, Brentville V, Daniels I, Machado L, Durrant LG. . In: 51st Annual Meeting of American Society Of Clinical Oncology. 2015, Chicago, Illnois: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Arkenau HT, Gazzah A, Plummer R, Blagden SP, Mak G, Soria JC, Greystoke A, Rizzuto I, Rogan D, Mazumdar J, Laubscher K, Auger KR, Swartz LS, Mattern ML, Nebot N, Singh RP, Fleming RA, Yan L. . In: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2015 Annual Meeting. 2015, Chicago, Illinois, USA: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Molife LR, King J, Smith A, D'arcangelo M, Brown N, Diamantis N, Lane H, Hoffmann AHS, Engelhardt M, Plummer R, Kristeleit R. . In: 13th International Congress on Targeted Anticancer Therapies (TAT 2015). 2015, Paris, France: Oxford University Press.
    • Roda D, Drew Y, Azaro A, Smith AD, Greystoke A, Sicart E, Escriba PV, Busquets X, Llado V, Tur V, Klumper E, Ahnert JR, Molife LR, Plummer R. . In: 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting. 2015, Chicago, Illinois, USA: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Jaime JC, Paz-Ares L, Provencio M, Bennouna J, Ponce-Aix S, Plummer R, Delord JP, Isambert N, Trigo JM, Belli R, Brienza S, Zanna C, Purcea D, Calvo V, Alonso M, Senellart H, Hiret S, Marti AM, Felip E. . In: 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2014, Chicago, Illinois: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • McConnell A, Ellis R, O'Boyle G, Plummer R, Verykiou S, Lovat P. . In: British Society of Investigative Dermatology Annual Meeting. 2014, Â鶹´«Ã½ upon Tyne: Wiley-Blackwell.
    • Patel PM, Durrant LG, Ottensmeier C, Mulatero C, Lorigan P, Plummer R, Cunnell M, Metheringham R, Brentville V, Machado L, Daniels I, Hannaman D. . In: 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2014, Chicago, Illinois: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Plummer R, Dua D, Cresti N, Suder A, Drew Y, Prathapan V, Stephens P, Thornton JK, de las Heras B, Ink B, Lee L, Matijevic M, McGrath S, Sarker D. . In: 39th ESMO Congress. 2014, Madrid, Spain: Oxford University Press.
    • Rajan N, Brown S, Ward S, Pieniazek P, Hainsworth P, Douglas F, Husain A, Plummer R. . In: Abstracts for the British Association of Dermatologists 94th Annual Meeting. 2014, Glasgow: Wiley-Blackwell.
    • Lear J, Fife K, Gore M, Guerrero-Urbano T, Herd R, Plummer R, Seguin NB, Hansson J, Mitchell L, Starnawski M, Hauschild A. . In: British Association of Dermatologists 94th Annual Meeting. 2014, Glasgow, UK: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    • Middleton M, Rasco DW, Olszanski AJ, Corrie P, Lorigan P, Plummer R, Larkin J, Pavlick A, Zhou X, Yuan Z, Gangolli E, Kneissl M, Bozon V, Gonzalez R. . In: 26th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics. 2014, Barcelona, Spain: Elsevier.
    • Ogle L, Jamieson D, O'Donnell R, Dent B, Boddy A, Curtin N, Plummer R, Reeves H, Clinical and Translational Group. . In: The International Liver Congress 2014: 49th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver. 2014, London: Elsevier BV.
    • Dent B, O'Donnell RL, Ogle LF, Rourke ED, Ramesh HP, Moat M, Hayes N, Mallick UK, May FE, Reeves HL, Curtain NJ, Edmondson RJ, Boddy AV, Plummer R, Jamieson D. . In: AACR Annual Meeting 2014. 2014, San Diego, CA: American Association for Cancer Research.
    • Gauler TC, Besse B, Novello S, Smit EF, Plummer ER, Delord JP, Nicodemo M, Santoro A, Barone C, Marchetti P, Conte PF, De Jonge MJ, Awada A, Mariani M, Jannuzzo MG, Petroccione A, Ceruti R, Davite C, Eberhardt WEE. . In: 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting. 2013, Chicago, Illinois, USA: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Ahmad S, Qian W, Ellis SG, Khattak MA, Gupta A, Thillai K, Board RE, Nobes J, Dalgleish A, Grumett SA, Maraveyas A, Danson S, Talbot T, Marples M, Plummer R, Kumar S, Middleton MR, Larkin JMG, Ottensmeier C, Corrie P. . In: 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting. 2013, Chicago, Illinois, USA: American Society Clinical Oncology.
    • Lear JT, Gore M, Guerrero-Urbano T, Herd R, Plummer R, Basset-Seguin N, Hansson J, Mitchell L, Starnawski M, Hauschild A, Fife K. . In: British Association of Dermatologists 93rd Annual Meeting. 2013, Liverpool, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
    • Plummer ER. . In: 11th International Congress on Targeted Anticancer Therapies (TAT 2013). 2013, Paris, France: Oxford University Press.
    • Gupta A, Love S, Schuh A, Collins L, Thomason A, Asher R, Lisle R, Churchman M, Shanyinde M, Plummer R, Nathan PD, Danson S, Ottensmeier CHH, Lorigan P, Larkin JMG, Middleton MR. . In: 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting. 2013, Chicago, Illinois, USA: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Molife LR, Roxburgh P, Wilson RH, Gupta A, Middleton MR, Evans TRJ, Michie CO, Mateo J, Crawford D, Eatock MM, Saka W, Cresti N, Drew Y, Giordano H, Despain D, Simpson D, Allen AR, Jaw-Tsai SS, Plummer R. . In: 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting. 2013, Chicago, Illinois, USA: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
    • Roxburgh P, Molife LR, Gupta A, Wilson R, Evans TRJ, Cresti N, Giordano H, Simpson D, Jaw-Tsai S, Plummer R. . In: European Cancer Congress 2013. 2013, Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.
    • Coupe N, Roxburgh P, Drew Y, Molife LR, Wilson R, Spicer J, Gupta A, Simpson D, Giordano H, Plummer R. . In: 18th International Meeting of the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO). 2013, Liverpool, UK: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
    • Plummer R. . In: 10th International Symposium on Targeted Anticancer Therapies. 2012, Amsterdam, Netherlands: Oxford University Press.
    • Stephens P, Massey A, Plummer R, Curtin N. Single Agent Activity of the Novel Checkpoint 1 Kinase Inhibitor V158411. In: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER. 2012, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND: ELSEVIER SCI LTD.
    • Molife LR, Mateo J, McGoldrick T, Krebs M, Drew Y, Banerjee SN, Nicum S, Ranson M, Rustin GJS, Sessa C, Plummer R, Leunen K, Friedlander M, Swaisland H, Burke W, McCormack P, Pemberton K, Tchakov I, Kaye SB, Gourley C. Safety and efficacy results from two randomized expansions of a phase I study of a tablet formulation of the PARP inhibitor, olaparib, in ovarian and breast cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY. 2012, 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA: AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY.
    • Savulsky C, Nasim M, Plummer R, Evans J, Morrison R, Anthoney A, Haney S, Madi A, Johnston C, Carter D, Reydermann L, Gopalakrishna P, Wanders J, Twelves C. . In: Deutsche, Österreichische und Schweizerische Gesellschaften für Hämatologie und Onkologie. 2012, Stuttgart, Germany: S. Karger AG.
    • Gupta A, Moreno V, Dean EJ, Drew Y, Nicum S, Ranson M, Plummer R, Swaisland H, Burke W, McCormack P, Tchakov I, Middleton MR, Kaye SB, Molife LR. Phase I study to determine the bioavailability and tolerability of a tablet formulation of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in patients with advanced solid tumors: Dose-escalation phase. In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY. 2012, 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA: AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY.
    • Twelves CJ, Nasim M, Anthoney A, Cresti N, Savulsky C, Johnston C, Reyderman L, Wanders J, Plummer R, Evans TRJ. . In: 37th Congress of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). 2012, Vienna, Austria: Oxford University Press.
    • Shaw H, Larkin J, Corrie P, Ellis S, Nobes J, Marshall E, Kumar S, Danson S, Plummer R, Nathan P. . In: 37th Congress of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). 2012, Vienna, Austria: Oxford University Press.
    • Vormoor B, Wilkinson S, Harvey F, Plummer R, Curtin N. . In: 24th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics. 2012, Dublin, Ireland: Pergamon.
    • Mukhopadhyay A, Plummer R, Elatter A, Soohoo S, Uzir B, Quinn J, Aneke H, Curtin NJ, Edmondson RJ. . In: Blair Bell Research Society Annual Academic Meeting. 2012, London, UK: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    • Mukhopadhyay A, Plummer ER, Elatter A, Soohoo S, Uzir B, Quinn JE, McCluggage WG, Maxwell P, Aneke H, Curtin NJ, Edmondson RJ. . In: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting. 2012, Chicago, Illinois, USA: American Association for Cancer Research.
    • Nasim MY, Plummer R, Evans TRJ, Morrison R, Anthoney DA, Haney S, Madi A, Savulsky CI, Johnston C, Carter D, Reyderman L, Gopalakrishna P, Wanders J, Twelves C. A phase Ib dose-escalation study of eribulin mesylate in combination with capecitabine in patients with advanced/metastatic cancer. In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY. 2012, 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA: AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY.
    • Plummer ER. . In: Annals of Oncology: 9th International Symposium on Targeted Anticancer Therapies. 2011, Paris, France: Oxford University Press.
    • Plummer R. . In: 9th Conference on Madrid Breast Cancer. 2011, Madrid, Spain: BioMed Central Ltd.
    • Shalinsky DR, Wang DD, Kern KA, English P, Curtin NJ, Plummer R. Poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs): Does it reflect PARP inhibition in tumor?. In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY. 2011, 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA: AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY.
    • Drew Y, Ledermann JA, Jones A, Hall G, Jayson GC, Highley M, Rea D, Glasspool RM, Halford SER, Crosswell G, Colebrook S, Boddy AV, Curtin NJ, Plummer ER. Phase II trial of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor AG-014699 in BRCA 1 and 2-mutated, advanced ovarian and/or locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY. 2011, 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA: AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY.
    • Kendra K, Plummer R, Salgia R, O'Brien MER, Paul EM, Suttle AB, Ottesen LH, Villalona-Calero MA. Phase I Dose-Finding Study for Pazopanib (P) and Paclitaxel (T) in Combination in the First-line Setting in Patients (pts) With Advanced Solid Tumours. In: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER. 2011, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND: ELSEVIER SCI LTD.
    • Razak AA, Nutt J, O'Toole K, Black F, Cole M, Plummer R, Lunec J, Calvert H. . In: EJC Supplements: 22nd EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics. 2010, Berlin, Germany: Pergamon.
    • Plummer R. . In: Annals of Oncology: 35th European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress. 2010, Milan, Italy: Oxford University Press.
    • Danielli R, Queirolo P, Testori A, Plummer R, Razis E, Sileni VC, Calabro L, Di Giacomo AM, Ridolfi R, Maio M. . In: Annals of Oncology: 11th National Congress of Medical Oncology. 2009, Milan, Italy: Oxford University Press.
    • Danielli R, Queirolo P, Testori A, Plummer R, Razi E, Sileni VC, Calabro L, Di Giacomo AM, Ridolfi R, Maio M. . In: EJC Supplements: 15th Congress of the European Cancer Organization. 2009, Berlin, Germany: Pergamon.
    • Plummer R. Phase I and II clinical trials of the potent intravenous PARP inhibitor, AG014699. In: ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY. 2008, GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND: OXFORD UNIV PRESS.
    • Calvert H, Curtin N, Plummer R. PARP INHIBITORS IN OVARIAN CANCER. In: ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY. 2008, GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND: OXFORD UNIV PRESS.
    • Plummer R, Vida L, Perrett R, Spicer J, Stopfer P, Shahidi M, Temple G, Futreal A, Calvert H, de Bono J. A phase I and pharmacokinetic (PK) study of BIBW 2992, an oral irreversible dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitor. In: EJC SUPPLEMENTS. 2007, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD.

  • Notes

    • McAteer MA, O'Connor JPB, Koh DM, Leung HY, Doran SJ, Jauregui-Osoro M, Muirhead N, Brew-Graves C, Plummer ER, Sala E, Ng T, Aboagye EO, Higgins GS, Punwani S. . British Journal of Cancer 2021, 125, 1462-1465.
    • Massard C, Margetts J, Amellal N, Drew Y, Bahleda R, Stephens P, Armand JP, Calvert H, Soria JC, Coronado C, Kahatt C, Alfaro V, Siguero M, Fernandez-Teruel C, Plummer R. . Investigational New Drugs 2013, 31(3), 799.

  • Reviews

    • van der Graaf WTA, Heiss NS, Hynes CL, Keller SP, Weinman A, Blay J-Y, Franco P, Giles RH, Lacombe D, Schlatter P, Thomas DM, van Waalwijk van Doorn-Khosrovani SB, Williamson M, Plummer R. . Cancer Treatment Reviews 2025, 140, 103013.
    • Williams KC, Gault A, Anderson AE, Stewart CJ, Lamb CA, Speight RA, Rajan N, Plummer R, Pratt AG. . Frontiers in Immunology 2023, 14, 1122430.
    • Beale S, Dickson R, Bagust A, Blundell M, Dundar Y, Boland A, Marshall E, Plummer R, Proudlove C. . PharmacoEconomics 2013, 31(12), 1121-1129.
    • Plummer R. . Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 2011, 13(4), 218.
    • Mukhopadhyay A, Curtin N, Plummer R, Edmondson RJ. PARP inhibitors and epithelial ovarian cancer: an approach to targeted chemotherapy and personalised medicine. BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY 2011, 118(4), 429-432.
    • Plummer ER. . Current Opinion in Pharmacology 2006, 6(4), 364-368.